1 Samuel 4:5

Authorized King James Version

And when the ark of the covenant of the LORD came into the camp, all Israel shouted with a great shout, so that the earth rang again.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִ֗י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
כְּב֨וֹא
came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#3
אֲר֤וֹן
And when the ark
a box
#4
בְּרִית
of the covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#5
יְהוָה֙
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#6
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#7
הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה
into the camp
an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or e
#8
וַיָּרִ֥עוּ
shouted
to mar (especially by breaking); figuratively, to split the ears (with sound), i.e., shout (for alarm or joy)
#9
כָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#10
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
all Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#11
תְּרוּעָ֣ה
shout
clamor, i.e., acclamation of joy or a battle-cry; especially clangor of trumpets, as an alarum
#12
גְדוֹלָ֑ה
with a great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#13
וַתֵּהֹ֖ם
rang again
to make an uproar, or agitate greatly
#14
הָאָֽרֶץ׃
so that the earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

Analysis

This verse develops the covenant theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of covenant reflects the development of covenant within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on covenant particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show treaty language and adoption practices from the ancient world, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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